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Factors Associated with Insomnia in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study
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Asieh Mansour   , Atefeh Amrollahi Bioky , Athena Dehghan Najm Abadi |
| Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center |
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Abstract: (38 Views) |
Background: Poor sleep quality and insomnia are common among individuals with diabetes. Sleep disturbances can negatively affect overall well-being and interfere with blood sugar control as well as diabetes management. This study aimed to identify factors associated with insomnia severity in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 229 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes who visited the diabetes clinic at Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2022. Demographic information, laboratory results, and data from several standardized questionnaires were collected, including the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for depression, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) for anxiety, and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) for cognitive function. Patients with an ISI score above 15 were classified as having moderate-to-severe insomnia. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was then used to identify factors associated with insomnia.
Results: Among the participants, 179 had an ISI score below 15, while 50 had a score above 15. The mean age was similar between the two groups (P=0.328); however, the percentage of men was significantly higher in the insomnia group (70%, P=0.023). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified several factors significantly associated with increased odds of insomnia in patients with type 2 diabetes. Specifically, higher platelet counts were associated with an increased likelihood of insomnia (odds ratio [OR] = 1.009, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.003–1.015). Furthermore, higher depression scores were significantly linked to increased odds of experiencing insomnia (OR = 1.161, 95% CI: 1.090–1.237). Conversely, lower cognitive function scores were significantly associated with an increased likelihood of insomnia (OR=0.918, 95% CI: 0.853–0.987). Interestingly, a longer duration of diabetes was negatively associated with insomnia, indicating that each additional year of diabetes reduced the risk of insomnia by 7% (OR=0.936, 95% CI: 0.883–0.992).
Conclusion: This study identified several factors associated with insomnia severity in type 2 diabetes, including diabetes duration, platelet levels, depression, and cognitive function. Specifically, longer durations of diabetes were associated with a decreased risk of insomnia. Conversely, higher platelet levels, depression, and cognitive impairment were linked to an increased risk. These findings highlight the importance of screening for and managing sleep disturbances in patients with diabetes to improve overall health and diabetes management. |
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| Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes, ISI Questionnaire, Insomnia, Depression, Cognitive Function |
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Full-Text [PDF 760 kb]
(13 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Applicable |
Subject:
General
Received: 2025/08/9 | Accepted: 2025/01/29 | Published: 2025/01/29
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